Lobar hemorrhage is one of the sub-types of the intracerebral haemorrhages and also known as lobar intracerebral hemorrhage.
Intracerebral hemorrhage, also known as Brain bleeds, happens when the blood vessels in the brain ruptures, forcing blood against the brain’s tissues. This reduces the blood supply and oxygen to the brain and makes it impossible for the brain to function correctly.
Lobar hemorrhage means bleeding in the different lobes of the brain. The human brain has four types of lobes in the brain:
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
- Temporal lobe
How Common is Lobar hemorrhage?
From the total stroke cases lobar Hemorrhage occurs in 3.9 % of the population. It accounts for 35% of all intracerebral hemorrhages.
Lobar hemorrhages are common in the Younger population also.
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Causes of the Lobar hemorrhage
- Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA): This is the most common cause of lobar hemorrhage. Amyloid protein is the abnormal protein that builds up inside the blood vessels of the brain and damages it which leads to bleeding or hemorrhage.
- High Blood Pressure: This is one of the common causes of lobar hemorrhage. Due to high blood pressure blood vessels of the brain become weaker and later may result in rupturing of blood vessels.
- Aneurysm: Due to aneurysm the walls of blood vessels weaken and enlarge locally, which can cause them to burst and cause blood to collect in the brain and swell. You might have a lobar hemorrhage if it bursts and bleeds into your brain.
- Arteriovenous Malformation: It is an abnormal cerebral blood vessels web. Bleeding into the brain lobes may occur if these arteries weaken or burst and result in lobar hemorrhage.
- Vascular Malformation: The abnormal connection of the arteries and veins can damage blood vessels that leads to the weakening of the blood vessels and can cause lobar hemorrhages.
- Brain Tumors: Different types of tumors lead to the weakening of the arteries of the brain that may cause hemorrhage later.
- Vasculitis: Vasculitis is the inflammation of the blood vessels. Due to constant inflammation blood vessels become weakened which is the major cause of rupture of the blood vessels.
- Bleeding Disorder: Most of the blood disorders prevent clotting of the blood that leads to the excessive bleeding and cause immediate hemorrhage.
Warning Signs For Lobar Hemorrhage
- Unexplained sudden headache is the first sign of hemorrhage
- Vomiting also one of the initial indicating sign
- Fit or seizure occurs immediately in lobar hemorrhage
- Coma
- Loss of consciousness
- Weakness or numbness one side of the body
- Loss of balance and coordination
- Vision problem
- Speech problem
Diagnosis for Lobar Hemorrhage
- Cerebral CT (Computerized Tomography) scan
- CT Angiography
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Investigation)
- MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram)
- Lumbar puncture
Treatment of Lobar Hemorrhage
Medical Treatment: Some medicines used for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage are:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Anti coagulant drugs
- Anti-seizure drugs
- Anti pyretic drugs
Surgical Treatment: For the treatment of lobar hemorrhages minimal invasive surgeries are more effective than conservative management.
1. Craniectomy: The procedure known as a craniectomy removes pressure on the brain. Surgeon during surgery removing the portion of the bleeding not the part of the brain.
2. Catheter Evacuation with Thrombolysis: This surgery is used to remove clot or bleeding portion.
3. Endoscopic Surgery: This is the process by which the surgeon drains or eliminates the hemorrhage or bleeding by passing a thin tube known as an endoscope through a tiny incision in the skull that is equipped with a camera and light.
Other surgeries used to treat lobar intracerebral hemorrhage.
- Blur hole surgery
- Aneurysm clipping surgery
